Let's use the context when we quote scripture, Webers. There were no chapter and verse separations when the epistles were written. In Hebrews we see that the author was scolding them for not maturing/progressing in the faith. They hadn't even made it past the basics, the "Elementary principles of Christ". And as we examine some of the recent discussions around here lately, we see that you also have not grasped the Elementary principles such as baptismS (yes, that's plural).1 John 2:24-27New King James Version (NKJV)
24 Therefore let that abide in you which you heard from the beginning. If what you heard from the beginning abides in you, you also will abide in the Son and in the Father. 25 And this is the promise that He has promised us—eternal life.
26 These things I have written to you concerning those who try to deceive you. 27 But the anointing which you have received from Him abides in you, and you do not need that anyone teach you; but as the same anointing teaches you concerning all things, and is true, and is not a lie, and just as it has taught you, you will abide in Him.
In the early church it was expected that if you had been saved you had also received the baptism of the Holy Spirit.Hebrews 5:5-6:3New King James Version (NKJV)
5 So also Christ did not glorify Himself to become High Priest, but it was He who said to Him:
“You are My Son,
Today I have begotten You.”
6 As He also says in another place:
“You are a priest forever
According to the order of Melchizedek”;
7 who, in the days of His flesh, when He had offered up prayers and supplications, with vehement cries and tears to Him who was able to save Him from death, and was heard because of His godly fear, 8 though He was a Son, yet He learned obedience by the things which He suffered. 9 And having been perfected, He became the author of eternal salvation to all who obey Him, 10 called by God as High Priest “according to the order of Melchizedek,” 11 of whom we have much to say, and hard to explain, since you have become dull of hearing.
12 For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the first principles of the oracles of God; and you have come to need milk and not solid food. 13 For everyone who partakes only of milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, for he is a babe. 14 But solid food belongs to those who are of full age, that is, those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.
6 Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, 2 of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying on of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment. 3 And this we will do if God permits.
This is evidenced by Paul's question in Acts 19: "Have you received the Holy Spirit since you believed?"
Over 3000 people received the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost. More received it in Samaria, and then the gentiles first received it in Acts 10. In fact, it was the audible evidence of the HS Baptism that showed Peter and his fellow believers that God had accepted the Gentiles. Then he commanded that they be baptized in water.
The problem with your premise that "we need to be taught by a teacher or else" is that you have listened to the wrong teachers. They do not have a grip on the basic elements of Christ. They have even gone as far as denying them and attributing them to the devil. And yet, Luke teaches us that our Heavenly Father will give the Holy Spirit to any of His children who ask to receive.
In fact, the following passage is referring to the gift of the Holy Spirit/Promise of the Father. It is often used to preach on salvation, but when examined in context it is definitely about receiving the baptism of the Holy Spirit:
Luke 11:5-13New King James Version (NKJV)
5 And He said to them, “Which of you shall have a friend, and go to him at midnight and say to him, ‘Friend, lend me three loaves; 6 for a friend of mine has come to me on his journey, and I have nothing to set before him’; 7 and he will answer from within and say, ‘Do not trouble me; the door is now shut, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot rise and give to you’? 8 I say to you, though he will not rise and give to him because he is his friend, yet because of his persistence he will rise and give him as many as he needs.
9 “So I say to you, ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. 10 For everyone who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened. 11 If a son asks for bread[a] from any father among you, will he give him a stone? Or if he asks for a fish, will he give him a serpent instead of a fish? 12 Or if he asks for an egg, will he offer him a scorpion? 13 If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask Him!”